这部分需要会什么?
- 正确使用常见平面图形的周长与面积公式
- 将复合图形拆分或补全
- 区分长度倍数和面积倍数
核心概念与公式
长方形面积 \(lw\),三角形面积 \(bh/2\),平行四边形面积 \(bh\),梯形面积 \((a+b)h/2\)。这里高度都必须垂直于对应的底。圆面积 \(\pi r^2\),周长 \(2\pi r\)。
圆心角为 \(\theta\) 度的扇形面积为 \((\theta/360)\pi r^2\);若 \(\theta\) 用弧度表示,则为 \(r^2\theta/2\)。复合图形可用大图形减去空缺,或把互不重叠的部分相加。相似图形长度倍率为 \(k\),面积倍率为 \(k^2\)。
做题时怎样使用
- 判断所问是边界长度还是覆盖面积,统一单位
- 画出必要的垂线,把复合图形分成可计算的部分
- 列式相加或相减,检查是否重复计算区域或漏掉边界
容易混淆的地方
斜边长度通常不是高。求带缺口图形的周长时,新增的内凹边也属于边界;求面积时单位必须平方。
用一个例题串起方法
知识点教学例题一个 \(10\times8\) 的长方形内部挖去半径为 2 的圆,剩余面积是多少?
展开解题思路 +
长方形面积为 80,圆面积为 \(4\pi\)。剩余面积为 \(80-4\pi\) 平方单位。
本知识点题库
先独立作答,再查看答案与解析。
周长・面积与平面图形基础
The length of one side of a rectangle is 11 centimeters. The length of another side of the rectangle is 6 centimeters. What is the perimeter, in centimeters, of this rectangle?
参考答案
周长・面积与平面图形基础
The perimeter of an obtuse triangle is 26 meters. The lengths of two sides of this triangle are 7 meters and 8 meters. What is the length, in meters, of the third side of this triangle?
参考答案
周长・面积与平面图形进阶
In the figure shown, \( JM \) is the diameter and \( LM \) is a radius of semicircle L, and point K is the midpoint of \( JL \) . If the length of \( KL \) is 13 units and the length of \( MN \) is 14 units, which expression represents the area, in square units, of this figure?
原库参考解析
周长・面积与平面图形进阶

The figure shows a rectangle with a length of \( l \) centimeters (cm) and a width of \( w \) cm. The rectangle has a perimeter of 106 cm. Which equation gives the perimeter in terms of \( l \) and \( w \)?
原库参考解析
周长・面积与平面图形挑战

What is the area, in square units, of the triangle formed by connecting the three points shown?
原库参考解析
周长・面积与平面图形挑战
Square A has side lengths that are 166 times the side lengths of square B. The area of square A is k times the area of square B. What is the value of k?
原库参考解析
周长・面积与平面图形挑战
A rectangular poster has an area of 360 square inches. A copy of the poster is made in which the length and width of the original poster are each increased by 20%. What is the area of the copy, in square inches?
原库参考解析
周长・面积与平面图形基础
What is the perimeter, in inches, of a rectangle with a length of 4 inches and a width of 9 inches?
原库参考解析
周长・面积与平面图形进阶
The length of one side of square M is 6 times the length of one side of square N. The area of square N is 49 square feet. What is the area, in square feet, of square M?
原库参考解析
周长・面积与平面图形基础
What is the area of a rectangle with a length of 17 centimeters (cm) and a width of 7 cm?
原库参考解析
周长・面积与平面图形基础
What is the area, in square centimeters, of a rectangle with a length of 34 centimeters (cm) and a width of 29 cm?
原库参考解析
周长・面积与平面图形基础
What is the perimeter, in inches, of a rectangle with a length of 4 inches and a width of 9 inches?
原库参考解析
