这部分需要会什么?
- 使用指数运算法则改写表达式
- 用同底数解指数方程
- 理解指数函数的初始值与每单位倍率
核心概念与公式
在表达式有定义的前提下,\(a^ma^n=a^{m+n}\),\(a^m/a^n=a^{m-n}\),\((a^m)^n=a^{mn}\)。除法和负指数要求底数非零;涉及任意实数指数时通常取正底数。
指数函数 \(y=Ab^x\)(\(A>0,b>0,b\ne1\))的初始值为 \(A\),输入每增加 1,输出乘 \(b\)。当 \(b>1\) 时递增;\(0<b<1\) 时递减。指数方程能改成相同正底数且底数不为 1 时,可以比较指数。
做题时怎样使用
- 先检查底数能否写成同一个数的幂
- 区分“幂相乘”与“指数相乘”,逐步简化
- 解释函数时,找出输入增加 1 对输出造成的倍率
容易混淆的地方
\(a^m+a^n\) 一般不能合并成 \(a^{m+n}\)。\(A\) 是乘在指数项外面的系数,不是底数。
用一个例题串起方法
知识点教学例题解方程 \(8^{x-1}=4^{x+1}\)。
展开解题思路 +
统一底数为 2:\(2^{3x-3}=2^{2x+2}\)。由于底数为 2,可令指数相等,得 \(3x-3=2x+2\),所以 \(x=5\)。
本知识点题库
先独立作答,再查看答案与解析。
指数式・指数方程与函数特征进阶
The table shows selected values from the function \( f \).

Which of the following is the best description of function ?
原库参考解析
指数式・指数方程与函数特征挑战
What is the y-intercept of the graph of \( y=6\left(7\right)^{x+2} \) in the xy-plane?
原库参考解析
指数式・指数方程与函数特征进阶

For the function h, the table gives three values of x and their corresponding values of h(x). Which equation could define h?
原库参考解析
指数式・指数方程与函数特征挑战
The functions \( f \) and \( g \) are defined by the equations shown, where a and b are integer constants, \( a<b \) and\( b<0 \). If\( y=f(x) \) and \( y=g(x) \) are graphed in the xy-plane, which of the following equations displays, as a constant or coefficient, the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph of the corresponding function?
I. \( f(x)=a(4.2)^{x+b} \)
II. \( g(x)=a(4.2)^x+b \)
原库参考解析
指数式・指数方程与函数特征进阶
\( f\left(x\right)=20\left(2\right)^x+6\left(2\right)^x \)
The function \( f \) is defined by the given equation. Which of the following equivalent forms of \( f \)displays, as a coefficient or a base, the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph of \( y=f(x) \) in the xy-plane?
原库参考解析
指数式・指数方程与函数特征挑战

The equation of the graph shown is \( y=a^x+b \) , where a and b are constants. What is the value of \( a−b \)?
原库参考解析
指数式・指数方程与函数特征进阶
The function \( f \) is defined by \( f(x)=4(2)^x \). What is the value of \( f(x) \) when \( x=5 \)?
原库参考解析
指数式・指数方程与函数特征挑战

The equation of the graph shown is \( y=a^x+b \), where a and b are constants. What is the value of \( a−b \)?
原库参考解析
指数式・指数方程与函数特征挑战
The function \(f\) is defined by \(f(x)=a^x-b\), where \(a\) and \(b\) are constants. In the \(xy\)-plane, the graph of \(y=f(x)\) passes through the points \((c,5)\) and \((2c,137)\), where \(c\) is a constant. Which of the following could be the value of \(b\)?
原库参考解析
指数式・指数方程与函数特征挑战

The equation of the graph shown is \( y=a^x+b \), where \( a \) and \( b \) are constants. What is the value of \( a−b \) ?
原库参考解析
指数式・指数方程与函数特征挑战
An exponential function f is defined by \( f\left(x\right)=c^x \), where c is a constant greater than 1. If f(8)=(49) • f(6), what is the value of c?
原库参考解析
指数式・指数方程与函数特征进阶
What is the y-intercept of the graph of \( y=6^x+12 \) in the xy-plane?
原库参考解析
