知识点地图 / 代数

Interpreting & Using Linear Models

线性建模・解释与预测

解释线性模型中系数的含义,并在合理范围内进行预测。

01 / UNDERSTAND

这部分需要会什么?

  • 结合单位解释线性模型中的系数
  • 利用模型预测并理解交点
  • 区分模型的代数范围与实际适用范围

核心概念与公式

在 \(y=mx+b\) 中,\(m\) 表示 \(x\) 每增加 1,预测的 \(y\) 增加 \(m\);若 \(m<0\),表示减少。\(b\) 是输入为零时的模型值,只有 \(x=0\) 在情境中有意义时,才能解释为实际初始值。

两个费用模型的交点表示费用相等的输入;零点表示模型输出降到零的输入。利用观测范围内的输入作预测叫插值;超出范围的外推需要格外注意模型是否仍然适用。

做题时怎样使用

  1. 先读清变量定义,例如 \(t\) 是某年之后的年数还是具体年份
  2. 把斜率翻译成带有“每”和单位的句子
  3. 代入预测输入,并检查是否落在合理的时间、数量或测量范围内

容易混淆的地方

模型中的负斜率表示每单位减少固定量,不是减少固定百分比。若时间单位从年变为月,系数也要随之改变。

02 / CONNECT

用一个例题串起方法

知识点教学例题
水箱余水量满足 \(V=120-8t\),其中 \(V\) 以升计、\(t\) 以分钟计。解释系数并求水箱何时排空。
展开解题思路 +

初始有 120 升水,每分钟减少 8 升。令 \(V=0\),得 \(t=15\)。排空前模型的实际时间范围为 \(0\le t\le15\),不能把负水量当作真实结果。

03 / PRACTISE

本知识点题库

先独立作答,再查看答案与解析。

205 道题目
找到 205 道题目重置筛选
线性建模・解释与预测进阶

题目图表
The graph gives the estimated number of catalogs y, in thousands, a company sent to its customers at the end of each year, where x represents the number of years since the end of 1992, where 0 ≤ x ≤ 10.Which statement is the best interpretation of the y-intercept in this context?
原库参考解析
Bluebook试题4 · 原库模块 1 · Q15作答 ↗
线性建模・解释与预测进阶

A certain apprentice has enrolled in 85 hours of training courses. The equation 10x + 15y = 85 represents this situation, where x is the number of on-site training courses and y is the number of online training courses this apprentice has enrolled in. How many more hours does each online training course take than each on-site training course?
原库参考解析
Bluebook试题4 · 原库模块 1 · Q6作答 ↗
线性建模・解释与预测进阶

g(m) = -0.05m + 12.1
The given function g models the number of gallons of gasoline that remains from a full gas tank in a car after driving m miles. According to the model, about how many gallons of gasoline are used to drive each mile?
原库参考解析
Bluebook试题4 · 原库模块 1 · Q8作答 ↗
线性建模・解释与预测基础

Last week, an interior designer earned a total of $1 ,258 from consulting for x hours and drawing up plans for y hours. The equation 68x + 85y = 1,258 represents this situation. Which of the following is the best interpretation of 68 in this context?
原库参考解析
Bluebook试题4 · 原库模块 2 · Q15作答 ↗
线性建模・解释与预测进阶

A store sells two different-sized containers of blueberries. The store's sales of these blueberries totaled 896.86 dollars last month. The equation 4.51x + 6.07y = 896.86 represents this situation, where x is the number of smaller containers sold and y is the number of larger containers sold. According to the equation, what is the price, in dollars, of each smaller container?
原库参考解析
Bluebook试题5 · 原库模块 1 · Q12作答 ↗
线性建模・解释与预测挑战

Kaylani used fabric measuring 5 yards in length to make each suit for a men's choir. The relationship between the number of suits that Kaylani made, x, and the total length of fabric that she purchased y, in yards, is represented by the equation y- 5x = 6. What is the best interpretation of 6 in this context?
原库参考解析
Bluebook试题5 · 原库模块 2 · Q12作答 ↗
线性建模・解释与预测基础

The function f defined by f(t)= 14t + 9 gives the estimated length, in inches, of a vine plant t months after Tavon purchased it. Which of the following is the best interpretation of 9 in this context?
原库参考解析
Bluebook试题5 · 原库模块 3 · Q15作答 ↗
线性建模・解释与预测基础


The graph shows the predicted value y, in dollars, of a certain sport utility vehicle x years after it is first purchased.
题目图表
Which of the following is closest to the predicted value of the sport utility vehicle 3 years after it is first purchased?
原库参考解析
Bluebook试题5 · 原库模块 3 · Q1作答 ↗
线性建模・解释与预测挑战


题目图表
The graph models the number of active projects a company was working on x months after the end of November 2012, where 0 \( \le \) x \( ≤ \)6. According to the model, what is the predicted number of active projects the company was working on at the end of November 2012?
原库参考解析
Bluebook试题6 · 原库模块 2 · Q6作答 ↗
线性建模・解释与预测基础


题目图表
A bank account was opened with an initial deposit. Over the next several months, regular deposits were made into this account, and there were no withdrawals made during this time. The graph of the function f shown, where y= f(x), estimates the account balance, in dollars, in this bank account x months since the initial deposit. To the nearest whole dollar, what is the amount of the initial deposit estimated by the graph?
原库参考解析
Bluebook试题6 · 原库模块 3 · Q14作答 ↗
线性建模・解释与预测进阶

The function \( f\left(x\right) \) is defined as 19 more than 4 times a number x. If \( y=f\left(x\right) \)  is graphed in the xy-plane, what is the best interpretation of the x-intercept?
原库参考解析
Bluebook试题7 · 原库模块 1 · Q21作答 ↗
线性建模・解释与预测进阶

题目图表
The graph shown gives the estimated value, in dollars, of a tablet as a function of the number of months since it was purchased. What is the best interpretation of the y-intercept of the graph in this context?
原库参考解析
Bluebook试题7 · 原库模块 1 · Q3作答 ↗