这部分需要会什么?
- 根据直线关系区分唯一解、无解与无穷多解
- 通过消元求使解的个数变化的参数
- 检查系数为零等退化情形
核心概念与公式
对于 \(a_1x+b_1y=c_1\) 和 \(a_2x+b_2y=c_2\),若 \(a_1b_2-a_2b_1\ne0\),就有唯一解。若该值为零,应继续消元:得到假等式则无解;得到恒等式且剩余约束相容,则有无穷多解。
两个方程确实都表示直线时:相交对应唯一解,平行且不重合对应无解,重合对应无穷多解。判断重合时,变量系数和常数必须按同一个倍数变化。
做题时怎样使用
- 先检查方程是否能表示直线,留意两个变量系数同时为零的情况
- 用倍乘消元比较常数,避免对可能为零的系数直接作比
- 求出参数后代回原方程,确认得到的是平行、重合还是相交
容易混淆的地方
系数成比例只能说明没有唯一交点;常数是否同倍变化决定无解还是无穷多解。\(0x+0y=0\) 不代表一条直线。
用一个例题串起方法
知识点教学例题方程组 \(2x+3y=7\),\(4x+ky=15\) 在什么 \(k\) 值下无解?
展开解题思路 +
把第一式乘 2 得 \(4x+6y=14\)。当 \(k=6\) 时,同一左边同时等于 14 和 15,矛盾,所以无解;当 \(k\ne6\) 时,可消元解出唯一的 \(y\) 和 \(x\)。答案为 6。
本知识点题库
先独立作答,再查看答案与解析。
方程组与方程解的个数挑战
\( 2x+5y=9 \)
\( 12x+30y=54 \)
For each real number \( r \), which of the following points lies on the graph of each equation in the \( xy \)-plane for the given system?
原库参考解析
方程组与方程解的个数挑战
Which equation has no solution?
原库参考解析
方程组与方程解的个数挑战
How many solutions does the equation \( 4(16x-20)=-16(5-4x) \) have?
原库参考解析
方程组与方程解的个数挑战
\( 30x=1800y-3600 \)
One of the two equations in a system of linear equations is given. The system has no solution. Which equation could be the second equation in this system?
原库参考解析
方程组与方程解的个数挑战
\( 5x+4y=3 \)
\( 15x+12y=9 \)
For each real number r, which of the following points lies on the graph of each equation in the xy-plane for the given system?
原库参考解析
方程组与方程解的个数进阶

If a new graph of three linear equations is created using the system of equations shown and the equation \( x-6y=-36 \), how many solutions \( (x,\ y) \) will the resulting system of three equations have?
原库参考解析
方程组与方程解的个数挑战
\( 2\left(x+\frac{b}{2}-17\right)=2x \)
In the given equation, \( b \) is a constant. The equation has infinitely many solutions. What is the value of \( b \)?
原库参考解析
方程组与方程解的个数挑战
\( 5x=75y-100 \)
One of the two equations in a system of linear equations is given. The system has no solution. Which equation could be the second equation in this system?
原库参考解析
方程组与方程解的个数挑战
2,590x=5,180x
How many solutions does the given equation have?
原库参考解析
方程组与方程解的个数进阶
\( 3x+y=21 \)
\( 9x-y=3 \)
How many solutions does the given system of equations have?
原库参考解析
方程组与方程解的个数进阶
\( -6x+42px=84 \)
In the given equation, p is a constant. The equation has no solution. What is the value of p?
原库参考解析
方程组与方程解的个数进阶
\( 3x+y=13 \)
\( 4x-y=15 \)
How many solutions does the given system of equations have?
原库参考解析
