这部分需要会什么?
- 用因式分解、开方或求根公式解二次方程
- 区分根、零点和横截距
- 用韦达定理求根的和、积及相关表达式
核心概念与公式
将方程整理为 \(ax^2+bx+c=0\),\(a\ne0\)。若可分解为两个因式之积为零,则至少一个因式为零。一般可用 \(x=(-b\pm\sqrt{b^2-4ac})/(2a)\),实根要求根号内非负。
若两根为 \(r_1,r_2\),则 \(r_1+r_2=-b/a\),\(r_1r_2=c/a\)。函数的零点是输入值 \(r\),图象的横截距则是点 \((r,0)\)。这些概念相关,但答案形式不同。
做题时怎样使用
- 先把等号一边整理为零,再判断最快的方法
- 使用零乘积性质时,对每个因式分别令其等于零
- 若只问根的和或积,优先使用系数关系,并检查实际情境是否限制根
容易混淆的地方
只有乘积为零时,才能分别令因式为零。\((x-2)(x+3)=4\) 不能直接得到 \(x=2\) 或 \(x=-3\)。
用一个例题串起方法
知识点教学例题求 \(3x^2-5x-2=0\) 的根,并求两根之和。
展开解题思路 +
分解为 \((3x+1)(x-2)=0\),得 \(x=-1/3\) 或 \(x=2\)。两根之和为 \(5/3\),也可直接用 \(-b/a=5/3\)。
本知识点题库
先独立作答,再查看答案与解析。
二次方程・零点与韦达定理挑战
\( f\left(x\right)=\left(x-a\right)\left(x-b\right) \)
The function \( f \) is defined by the given equation, where a and b are integer constants. If \( f(37)>0, \)\( f(40)<0 \),and \( f(43)>0 \). What is one possible value of a + b?
原库参考解析
二次方程・零点与韦达定理挑战
The length of one side of a rectangle is 10 units longer than the length of another side. The rectangle's area is 504 square units. What is the length, in units, of the shorter of these two sides?
原库参考解析
二次方程・零点与韦达定理挑战
\( y-x=32 \)
\( y=x^2-30x \)
The graphs of the equations in the given system intersect at the point (x, y) in the xy-plane. What is a possible value of y?
原库参考解析
二次方程・零点与韦达定理挑战
If \( 121x^2=-110x+56 \) , what is the value of \( 11x+5 \), where \( 11x+5>0 \)?
原库参考解析
二次方程・零点与韦达定理挑战
\( x^2-5x-36=0 \)
What is the sum of the solutions to the given equation?
原库参考解析
二次方程・零点与韦达定理挑战
The function f is defined by \( f\left(x\right)=ax^2+bx+c \) , where a , b, and c are constants. The graph of \( y=f\left(x\right) \) in the xy-plane passes through the points \( \left(8,\ 0\right) \) and \( \left(-2,\ 0\right) \). If a is an integer greater than 1, which of the following could be the value of \( a+b \)?
原库参考解析
二次方程・零点与韦达定理挑战
\( 2x^2-12x-13=0 \)
One solution to the given equation can be written as \( x=h-\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{k} \) , where h and k are integer constants. What is the value of h + k?
原库参考解析
二次方程・零点与韦达定理进阶
The graph of a system of a linear equation and a quadratic equation is shown. A solution to the system is (x, y). What is a possible value of x?
原库参考解析
二次方程・零点与韦达定理进阶
\( x^2=\left(40\right)\left(40\right) \)
What is the positive solution to the given equation?
原库参考解析
二次方程・零点与韦达定理进阶
\( y=4x+12 \)
\( y=\left(x+2\right)^2 \)
A solution to the given system of equations is (x, y). What is the value of \( x^2 \)?
原库参考解析
二次方程・零点与韦达定理挑战
\( \frac{4}{9}\left(4x+9\right)\left(x+\sqrt{4k+9}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{4k+9}\right)=0 \)
In the given equation, k is a positive constant. The product of the solutions to the equation is 81. What is the value of k?
原库参考解析
二次方程・零点与韦达定理挑战
\( 4x^2+5x-5=0 \)
What is the greatest solution to the given equation?
原库参考解析
